History of Bhutan
History of Bhutan – Before Shabdrung Rinpoche’s arrival in Bhutan, numerous clans ruled in different valleys of Bhutan, having internecine war and quarrel among themselves and with Tibet. The arrival of Zhabdrung Nawang Namgyal in 1616 is considered as the most significant era in the history of Bhutan. At that time, Ngawang Namgyal had an auspicious dream of a raven flying towards the south. He saw that the raven in his dream was the representation of Mahakali, a guardian deity. In this vision, the chief guardian deities of Bhutan offered him a home. Ngawang Namgyal left Tibet with the sacred relic, and took the long journey to establish a new base in western Bhutan. He soon founded Cheri Monastery in the Thimphu valley. In an effort to unify Bhutan he faced five Tibetan invasions and armed conflict from rulers of local Lam Kha Nga. In the famous Battle of Five Lamas, Ngawang Namgyal prevailed over the Tibetan army. In many other battles he successfully defeated the combined forces of Tibet, Mongolia and Lam Kha Nga. Zhabdrung successfully united the country under his rule, and established the Drukpa Kagyu lineage of Buddhism across Bhutan. Thus he was the first to unite Bhutan into a single country. Zhabdrung Rinpoche, meaning “at whose feet one submits”.
Druk Desi in Bhutan – Druk Desi was established by the Zhabdrung Rinpoche in the 17th century under the dual system of government know as “chhosi” system. Under the Bhutanese system, the powers of the government were split between the religious branch headed by the Je Khenpo of the Drukpa Lineage and the civil administrative branch headed by the Druk Desi. Both the Je Khenpo and Druk Desi were under the nominal authority of the Zhabdrung Rinpoche. The Desi’s role has since been replaced by the Bhutanese monarchy in 1907. Today Bhutan is known for its unique customs, traditions and culture beside having blessed with beautiful landscape headed by far sighted Kings.
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